英语翻译双语教学（bilingual）是指某个国家或地区有两种（或两个以上）民族存在,两种或两种以上文化共存,可能或必须

双语教学（bilingual）是指某个国家或地区有两种（或两个以上）民族存在,两种或两种以上文化共存,可能或必须同时运用两种语言进行交流的情景,双语教学源于专业术语“bilingual education”
Bilingual teaching refers to a circumstance in some country or district where two or more nations, two or more cultures coexist, where two languages may or must be utilized simultaneously. Bilingual teaching originates from the term “bilingual education”.
《the international encyclopedia of education》认为,双语教育定义的最低标准应该是一种在教学过程中至少使用两种教学语言的教育.这两种教学语言不必同时使用,而是在各年级中连贯的使用.
According to The international encyclopedia of education, minimum standards of the bilingual education definition should be one kind of education during which at least two teaching languages are used. There is no need for such two languages are being used simultaneously, but they should be used consistently in each grade.
《Bilinguality & bilingualism 》指出,双语教育是描述各种在不同程度上使用两种或两种以上语言的教育计划.在某一时期或连续使用至少两种语言进行教学.这种语言作为教学媒介,而不是一门学科.
Bilinguality & bilingualism indicates that, bilingual education is describing all kinds of educational programs of using two or more languages at different degrees. Two or more languages are used in instruction in a certain period or successively. Such language is treated as teaching medium rather than a course.
《encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education》认为,双语教育实际上是对一种复杂现象的简单概括,通常指在学校内使用两种语言作为语言教学媒介语言的教育计划.可是,有些问题没有得到明确的解释,譬如,是指在学校里同时使用两种语言吗?这两种语言在学校里要使用多长时间?使用两种语言是针对部分学生还是所有学生.
Consult to Encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education, bilingual education is actually a simple summarization of a complicated phenomenon, is generally referring to such educational program in which two languages are used as language teaching medium languages. But, there are still some questions left without explicit explanation, such as, whether it refers to two kinds of languages are used simultaneously in school, how long these two languages should be used in school, two languages using is towards some students or all students.
双语教学由英语专门术语 bilingual education 翻译而来.迄今为止,国外有关双语教育的界意不下几十中.纵观林林总总的界定.我们可以把他划分为广义的双语教育和狭义的双语教育：广义的双语教育指学校使用两种语言的教育.狭义的双语教育是指学校中使用第二外语传授教学,物理,化学,历史,地理等学科内容的教育.
Bilingual teaching has been translated from the English term “bilingual education”. So far, there are more than dozens of definitions about bilingual education abroad. Make a general survey of numerous definitions, bilingual education can be defined from two aspects, the broad one and the narrow one: the broad one refers to the education of using two kinds of languages at school; the narrow one means a second language is used in teaching physics,chemistry, history, geography and so on in school.
二 双语教学的属性
Ⅱ Properties of bilingual education
双语教学的属性大体可以分为添加性双语教育和缩减性双语教育两种类型.
Properties of bilingual education can be generally divided into additive one and subtractive one.
1. 添加性双语教育
1. Additive bilingual education
添加性双语教育是指在教学过程中不是采用学生的母语或第一语言作为教学语言,而是采用第二语言或外语作为教学语言,其目的不是用第二语言或外语替代学生的母语或第一语言,而是培养学生掌握两种语言,成为双语人才.
Additive bilingual education referring to a teaching progress, in which the language of instruction is not the mother tongue or home language of the students but the second language or a foreign language, the purpose is not intending to replace the students’ mother tongue or home language by the second language or a foreign language, but training the students to be bilingual with conquering both languages.
譬如加拿大母语或第一语言为英语的学生中实施沉浸式双语教学.已第二语言-法语作为教学语言,其主要任务是培养学生账务英语和法语,成为英/法双语人才.
For example, the immersion bilingual education program in French for Canadian or English-speaking students, the main task is training the students to be bilingual with conquering both English and French.
2. 缩减性双语教育
2. Subtractive bilingual education
缩减性双语教育是指在教学过程中不是采用学生的母语或第一语言作为教学语言,而是采用第二语言或外语作为教学语言,其目的是用第二语言或外语替代学生的母语或第一语言.譬如,美国对讲少数民族语言的学生实施过渡性双语教育.以英语作为教学语言,其主要任务是用统一的英语替代各种不同的少数名族语言.
Subtractive bilingual education referring to a teaching progress, in which the language of instruction is not the mother tongue or home language of the students but the second language or a foreign language, the purpose is intending to replace the students’ mother tongue or home language by the second language or a foreign language. For example, transitional bilingual education in English for minority language-speaking students in America, the main task is replacing different minority languages by the unified English.