Anna Karenina (Анна Каренина) is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy,published in serial installments from 1873 to 1877 in the periodical Ruskii Vestnik (Russian:Русский Вестник,"Russian Messenger").Tolstoy clashed with its editor Mikhail Katkov over issues that arose in the final installment.Therefore,the novel's first complete appearance was in book form.
Widely regarded as a pinnacle in realist fiction,Tolstoy considered this book his first true novel.The character of Anna was likely inspired,in part,by Maria Hartung (1832–1919),the elder daughter of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin.Soon after meeting her at dinner,Tolstoy started reading Pushkin's prose and once had a fleeting daydream of "a bare exquisite aristocratic elbow",which proved to be the first intimation of Anna's character.
Although most Russian critics panned the novel on its publication as a "trifling romance of high life",Fyodor Dostoevsky declared it to be "flawless as a work of art".His opinion is seconded by Vladimir Nabokov,who especially admired "the flawless magic of Tolstoy's style" and the motif of the moving train,which is subtly introduced in the first chapters (the children playing with a toy train) and inexorably developed in subsequent chapters (Anna's nightmare),thus heralding the novel's majestic finale.
Anna Karenina is Number 1 in the Top Ten List of 125 authors' Top Ten books.[
